Which protocol is responsible for dynamically discovering neighbors in a network?

The protocol responsible for dynamically discovering neighbors in a network is OSPF (Open Shortest Path First). OSPF utilizes a method called "Hello packets" to establish and maintain neighbor relationships. When OSPF is enabled on an interface, it sends out Hello packets at regular intervals, which help routers identify and learn about their neighboring OSPF routers.

These Hello packets contain information about the router's configuration and state, allowing them to form adjacency with neighbors. The successful establishment of these adjacencies is critical for OSPF to function as it allows the routers to exchange Link State Advertisements (LSAs), which are used to build the OSPF network topology.

In contrast, while other routing protocols such as RIP, EIGRP, and IGRP have their own mechanisms for neighbor relationships, they do not utilize the same process or methodology as OSPF. For example, RIP relies on broadcast messages for neighbor discovery and updates, while EIGRP uses a more complex mechanism with its own Hello packets but is not as standardized in neighbor discovery as OSPF.